A Study on Urbanism of New Generation of Mingrant Worker

Along with Industrialization based on the civilization, urbanization leads to citizenization of rural population, which is the inevitable trend in the development of human society and the basic characteristics and the general rule of global civilization as well. The critical criterion of civilization is the level of urbanization. Compared with the incredible achievement in the reform of economic system, the reconstruction in our social system has been lagged behind, especially urban-rural area, the existence of which severely hindered the progress of urbanization, disconnected civilization and urbanization, gapping the urban-rural divides. Accordingly, speeding up the transferring the surplus rural population to urban area, urbanizing the migrant workers is an crucial approach to enhance urbanization and narrow the urban-rural gap and one of the way is to speed up the new rural construction. The urbanization of migrant workers is the urgent and inevitable demand for both the economic and social development and the construction of harmonious society. Our nation is a country with huge rural population and abundant migrant workers accordingly, which demands the importance and urgency to solve the problem of migrant workers.As with the six former No.1 central documents, the present policy of 2010 focuses on the "rural" issue, i.e. agriculture, rural areas and farmers, which shows the strong determination to solve the issue. Particularly, "coordinating development between urban and rural areas" and "new generation of migrant workers" mentioned in this year’s no.1 central document accords great priority to the issue of urbanization of new generation of migrant workers. The new generation counts for large proportion in the whole group, which predominates the overall issue, their development pursuit becoming the main pursuit of the whole group. To solve their problem is the key to solve the issue of migrant workers as a whole. It is of great significance to promote the urban-rural system reconstruction, stabilize the rapid, steady and healthy economic development, improve people’s livelihood, narrow the gap between urban and rural area, enhance the farmers status and achieve social harmony and stabilization eventually.Based on the quality research approach, the research investigated 1000 migrant workers with 14 different careers in Nanjing with detailed questionnaires. All the 11 districts in Nanjing have been covered with the aspects of employment, income, expense, housing, social welfare, social interaction, cultural and recreation, and their residence tendency as well.the research also analyzed the factors concerning the livelihood of new generation of migrant labors from systematic, social and personal aspects, and put forward to some policy-making suggestion and feasible measures to promote urbanization of migrant labors.The result showed that the group suffered from low rate and instable employment, high labor intensity and high potential of security threats. Compared with the staff on the job in Nanjing, they are paid less, that is, the phenomenon of "same job, different pay". Generally speaking, they maintained a basic livelihood with rough accommodations and inconvenience in life. Exclusive from social welfare system, they failed to enjoy security in both employment and life on account of unavailability of insurance and welfare. Gap existing in the aspects of economic status, mentality, education and living habit, the new rural generation failed to blend in the urban mainstream. Considering the unfavorable income, they also lack of recreational activity. What mentioned above revealed that the new generation of migrant workers, as a special group outside of the mainstream, failed to enjoy the gain despite their contribution in the development of urban social system.Based on the investigation, the research aims to find out the problems of new generation of migrant labors in Nanjing positively and call for further study and perfection on the relevant policy from people-oriented perspective so as to build new generation into the whole urban system while making and conducting urban development planning and promote the overall, stable and harmonious development in social, political and economic aspects in Nanjing.